Are carbon prices redundant in the 2030 EU climate and energy policy package?
Link to article:
Authors:
Aune, F.R. and R. Golombek
Year:
2021
Reference:
42(3), 225-264Summary
In 2018, an agreement between the key EU institutions – the Commission, the European Parliament, and the European Council - was reached after a long-lasting discourse over the 2030 EU climate and energy policy package. This paper offers a comprehensive assessment of the EU package, with its three main targets: lower greenhouse gas emissions, higher renewable share in final energy consumption, and improved energy efficiency. We find that the renewable and energy efficiency targets have been set so high that the derived emissions reduction (50 percent) exceeds the EU climate target (40 percent). Hence, there is no need for an EU climate policy, for example, to use carbon prices to reach the EU climate goals. It is, however, not cost-efficient to achieve the climate target by imposing the three EU targets. We demonstrate that a cost-efficient policy that obtains a 50 percent GHG emissions reduction would increase annual welfare (relative to the Reference scenario) by an amount corresponding to 0.6 percent of GDP in Europe.
JEL:
Q28; Q41; Q48; Q54
Keywords:
climate policy, renewables, energy efficiency, energy modeling, EU 2030
Project:
Oppdragsgiver: Norges forskningsrådOppdragsgivers prosjektnr.: 209698
Frisch prosjekt: 3100 - Oslo Center for Research on Environmentally friendly Energy (CREE)
Oppdragsgiver: Norges forskningsråd
Oppdragsgivers prosjektnr.: 243626
Frisch prosjekt: 3149 - Security of supply in a green power market - The challenges and opportunities of intermittent power
